Includes index (p.1177-1213)

Contents
Preface to the Ninth Edition
Table of Cases
Table of Treaties and Selected Other International Instruments
List of Abbreviations
1 The Nature and Development of International Law
Law and Politics in the World Community
The Role of Force
The International System
The Function of Politics
Historical Development
Early Origins
The Middle Ages and the Renaissance
The Founders of Modern International Law
Positivism and Naturalism
The Nineteenth Century The Twentieth Century and Beyond
Communist Approaches to International Law
The 'Developing Countries'
Suggestions for Further Reading
2 International Law Today
The Expanding Legal Scope of International Concern
Modern Theories and Interpretations
Positive Law and Natural Law
New Approaches
The Fragmentation of International Law?
Conclusion
Suggestions for Further Reading
3 Sources
Custom
Introduction
The Material Fact
What is State Practice?
Opinio Juris
Protest, Acquiescence and Change in Customary Law
Regional and Local Custom
Treaties General Principles of Law
Equity and International Law
Judicial Decisions
Writers
Other Possible Sources of International Law
The International Law Commission
Other Bodies
Unilateral Acts
Hierarchy of Sources and Jus Cogens
Suggestions for Further Reading
4 International Law and Municipal Law
The Theories
The Role of Municipal Rules in International Law
International Law before Municipal Courts
The United Kingdom
Customary International Law
Treaties
The United States
Other Countries
(i) Other Common Law and Related Legal Systems (Ii) Civil Law Systems
(iii) Conclusion
Non-Justiciability, Act of State and Related Doctrines
Executive Certificates
Suggestions for Further Reading
5 The Subjects of International Law
Legal Personality
Introduction
States
Creation of Statehood
Self-Determination and the Criteria of Statehood
Recognition
Extinction of Statehood
The Fundamental Rights of States
Independence
Equality
Peaceful Co-Existence
Protectorates and Protected States
Federal States
Sui Generis Territorial Entities
Mandated and Trust Territories
Germany 1945 Condominium
International Administration of Territories
Taiwan
The 'Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus' (TRNC)
The Saharan Arab Democratic Republic
Kosovo
Palestine
Various Secessionist Claimants
Associations of States
Conclusions
Special Cases
The Sovereign Order of Malta
The Holy See and the Vatican City
Insurgents and Belligerents
International Public Companies
Transnational Corporations
The Right of All Peoples to Self-Determination
The Establishment of the Legal Right
The Definition of Self-Determination
Individuals

International Law is the definitive and authoritative text on the subject. It has long been established as a leading authority in the field, offering an unbeatable combination of clarity of expression and academic rigour, ensuring understanding and analysis in an engaging and authoritative style. Explaining the leading rules, practice and caselaw, this treatise retains and develops the detailed referencing which encourages and assists the reader in further study. This new edition has been fully updated to reflect recent developments. In particular, it has expanded the treatment of space law and of international economic law, and introduced new sections on cyber operations and cyber warfare, as well as reflecting the Covid-19 crisis. Both clarifying fundamental principles and facilitating additional research, International Law is invaluable for students and for those occupied in private practice, governmental service and international organisations

eng.